Light Fixture Not Working? 5 Simple DIY Troubleshooting Steps
Few things are more frustrating than flipping a switch and getting nothing but darkness. Before assuming your light fixture needs replacing or calling an electrician, it’s worth taking a few simple troubleshooting steps first. In many cases, the issue is small and easy to fix, saving you both time and money.
Safety First
Always start with safety. Turn off the light switch, and if you’ll be handling wires or removing the fixture, shut off the power at your breaker panel. Never work on a fixture that’s still receiving power.
Tip: Use a non-contract voltage tester to confirm the power is off before touching any wiring.
Step 1: Check the Light Bulb
It sounds obvious, but sometimes the simplest fix is the right one.
Turn off the light and let the bulb cool down.
Unscrew the bulb and inspect it for dark spots, a broken filament, or a cloudy appearance.
If any of that is the case, it’s time for a replacement which you will want to make sure it is the correct wattage and base type.
Make sure it’s screwed in snugly but not too tight.
If the bulb isn’t the issue it’s time to move on to the next step.
Step 2: Test the Power Source
If the the bulb isn’t the issue, it may be with the power source.
Test the light switch by toggling it on and off a few times.
Try plugging a different device (light or a phone charger) into the same circuit or outlet to confirm that power is flowing.
Check your breaker panel for a tripped breaker. Reset it if necessary by switching it fully off and then back on.
Caution: If the breaker trips again after resetting, you may have a short circuit. In that case, call a professional.
Step 3: Inspect the Fixture for Loose Connections
If the breaker is fine, then the fixture itself could have a loose or faulty connection.
Make sure the power to the outlets and switches are turned off at the breaker.
Remove the light fixture’s cover and globe.
Unscrew the mounting screws and carefully lower the fixture to expose the wiring.
Check that all wire nuts are tight and connections are secure.
The black (hot) wire should be connected to black, white (neutral) to white, and the green or bare copper wire to ground.
If any connections are loose, retighten them carefully and reattach the fixture.
Tip: You can also check the switch wiring if you’re comfortable as sometimes the problem lies there instead of the fixture itself.
Step 4: Look for Corrosion or Burn Marks
Moisture or age can cause corrosion at the contacts where the bulb screws in.
Examine the metal contact tab inside the socket. If it’s discolored or flattened, gently lift it with a screwdriver.
If you see burn marks or melted plastic, stop and replace the fixture entirely.
*Caution: Do not use a fixture that shows charring or a burning smell. That’s a serious fire hazard.
Step 5: Test the Switch and Circuit
If you’ve ruled out all of the potential bulb and fixture issues, the switch or wiring upstream may be faulty.
With the power off, remove the switch plate.
Check for loose wires on the switch terminals.
Use a multimeter or voltage tester to see if power is reaching the switch when it’s turned on.
If there’s no power at the switch, the issue may lie deeper in the electrical circuit. At that point, it’s time to call in a licensed professional.
